Resumen: Background: To review the available literature on the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and obesity and other non-communicable diseases, specifically: Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in the PubMed and Scielo databases. Were selected nine articles. Results: High consumption of ultra-processed foods is related increased risk of obesity, DM2, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Conclusions: There is a need for randomized controlled clinical studies that evaluate the type of food, frequency and dose to support the results obtained in observational studies.