Análisis descriptivo de variables de rendimiento físico en un equipo de fútbol de primera división chilena femenina

Abstract

The physical capacities of speed, strength, resistance, and flexibility are related to the metabolic and mechanical potential of the muscle, which, when correctly oriented according to the demands of the game, can be factors that contribute to the performance and health status of athletes. The objective of this study was to carry out a descriptive analysis of the performance of the speed, strength, resistance, and flexibility in Chilean soccer players of the first division based the playing position. The participants of this study were 30 players, aged between 18 and 28 years, who were beginning the preparation period. They were grouped according to the position of the game according to 3 goalkeepers (PO), 4 center backs (CT), 6 full backs (LT), 6 midfielders (MC), 5 wide midfielders (MB) and 6 forwards (DC). The players completed the 30 linear meter sprint tests (V30M), Arrowhead Agility Test (AAT), Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15IFT) and Straight Leg Raise (EPR). No significant differences were observed for the variables of speed, strength, resistance, and flexibility according to the game position (p<.05), but if significant relationships were found between V30M and AAT (r=.435, p=.001), CMJ (r=-.599, p=.000), VIFT (r=-.621, p=.000), VO2máx (r=-.562, p=.001) and EPR-D (r=-.418, p=.019), between EPR-ND y AAT (r=.448, p=.012), EPR-D and CMJ (r=.537, p=.002), VIFT and VO2máx (r=.934, p=.000), EPR-D and EPR-ND (r=.813, p=.000). In conclusion, the physical capacities of speed, strength, resistance, and flexibility do not differ depending on the playing position, but they do present significant relationships between them, especially the speed.