EFECTOS DE LA EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA EN ACADÉMICOS DE LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR CHILENA : CUMPLIMIENTO GUÍAS ALIMENTARIAS Y SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT ACADEMICO.

Abstract

Objectives: Describe levels of compliance with dietary guidelines and the relationship with the level of burnout syndrome, in teachers who carried out distance education in Chilean Universities. Material and methods: Multicenter, descriptive, cross-sectional study. Non-probabilistic sample of 475 university teachers. The Maslach Burnout Inventory and Eating Habits Survey based on the GABAs were used. For the analyses, the statistical program Stata 16.1 (StataCorp, College Station) was used; frequency and percentage were established; to compare categorical variables, the χ2 test was used. Linear regression analysis was performed to identify whether the average of the variables (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment) presented a significant tendency to decrease or increase according to compliance with the GABAs. Results: 50.7% of the sample whose ages are between 20 and 39 years old are those who have the greatest compliance with dietary recommendations (54.2%), when compared to the group between 40 and 59 years old (46.8%). Of the total sample, 60.8% present emotional exhaustion, with the items being noncompliance (60.6%) or compliance 1 time (64.5%). Regarding the personal fulfillment category, the highest values are found in the low subcategory, highlighting non-compliance (63.3%) or only 1 compliance (40.8%) with dietary recommendations. In turn, there is greater compliance with the daily recommendations for dairy products and legumes, with the average non-compliance (63.7%) with the recommendations always being higher. The recommendation for the consumption of fruits and vegetables presents the highest values n= 450 (94.7%), of non-compliance with the recommendation. Conclusions: University teaching in confinement brought with it inadequate eating habits, generated by stress, emotional exhaustion, domestic chores, added to daily work and family responsibilities, impacting women more. Following the daily dietary recommendations, based on GABAs, ensures an intake of macro and micronutrients, along with an adequate supply of fiber.